Linux
File System
A
file system is a logical collection of files on a partition or disk. A
partition is a container for information and can span an entire hard drive if
desired.
Your hard drive can have various partitions which usually contains only one file
systems, such as one file system housing the / file system or another containing
the /home file system.
One
file system per partition allows for the logical maintenance and management of
differing file systems.
Everything
in Linux is considered to be a file, including physical devices such as
DVD-ROMs, USB devices, floppy drives, and so forth.
Directory
Structure:
Linux
uses a hierarchical file system structure, much like an upside-down tree, with
root (/) at the base of the file system and all other directories spreading
from there.
A
LINUX filesystem is a collection of files and directories that has the
following properties:
It
has a root directory (/) that contains other files and directories.
Each
file or directory is uniquely identified by its name, the directory in which it
resides, and a unique identifier typically called an inode.
By a convention, the root directory has an inode number of 2 and the lost+found
directory has an inode number of 3. Inode numbers 0 and 1 are not used. File
inode numbers can be seen by specifying the -i option to ls command.
It
is self-contained. There are no dependencies between one filesystem and any
other.
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